Sex-specific associations of γ-glutamyltransferase to HDL-cholesterol ratio and the incident risk of cardiovascular disease: three Korean longitudinal cohorts from different regions

Background The combination of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (GGT/HDL-C) is a novel noninsulin-based marker for assessing the risk nonalcoholic fatty liver disease type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, whether GGT/HDL-C ratio related to incident cardiovascular (CVD) not well known. Therefore, we aimed investigate longitudinal effect on CVD in three large cohorts Korean men women. Methods Data were assessed from 27,643 participants without Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES), Health Risk Assessment (HERAS), Korea Insurance Review (HIRA) (HERAS-HIRA) datasets. divided into four groups according quartiles. We prospectively hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariate Cox proportional-hazard regression models over 50-month period following baseline survey. Results During follow-up period, 949 patients (3.4%; 529 420 women) developed CVD. HRs quartiles 2-4 1.36 (95% CI, 0.91–2.02), 1.54 1.05–2.26), 1.66 1.12–2.47) after adjusting metabolic parameters women, but did show trend toward increases men. Regional discrepancies evident results; increase HR metropolitan hospital cohort was more pronounced than that urban cohort, increased rural cohort. Conclusion may be useful predictive Furthermore, prevalence strongly correlated areas, this correlation significant observed GGT or HDL-C isolation.